Edexcel B · Theme 2: The wider economic environment · 2.2 Firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

Edexcel B Economics past paper questions: Firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

Every Edexcel B question on Firms, consumers and elasticities of demand from 2016 to 2025: 7 data response questions and 10 short answer questions. It covers The economic cycle and Economic factors in business expansion. Each question links to its paper, mark scheme and examiner report.

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SubtopicsThe economic cycle 8Economic factors in business expansion 1

Data response questions on firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

A-level Paper 2, June 2025, Q1(f)Assess10 marks

Case study: UK strikes in 2022–2023

With reference to Extract A, assess the economic impact of the increasing number of strikes on the UK economy.

Question paper p.7 Mark scheme p.10 Examiner report p.13 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2025, Q1(g)Assess12 marks

Case study: UK strikes in 2022–2023

With reference to Extract B, assess how government economic policies might help to reduce the cost of childcare in the UK.

Question paper p.9 Mark scheme p.12 Examiner report p.16 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2025, Q1(h)Assess12 marks

Case study: UK strikes in 2022–2023

With reference to Extract D, assess the impact of falling real pay on the UK economy.

Question paper p.11 Mark scheme p.14 Examiner report p.19 Open in the tool

AS Paper 2, November 2020, Q2(e)Assess12 marks

Case study: The irresistible rise of alternative milks has dairy farmers worried

Assess the likely benefits for Oatly of using penetration pricing for the launch of its new products in the UK.

Question paper p.16 Mark scheme p.14 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2019, Q1(f)Assess10 marks

Case study: Food bank use in UK reaches highest rate on record

Assess the factors that determine the pricing strategy for a cosmetic firm such as L’Oréal when entering an emerging market.

Question paper p.9 Mark scheme p.8 Examiner report p.16 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2018, Q1(e)Discuss8 marks

Case study: The value of tourism in England

Using a suitable diagram, discuss the likely impact of advertising and other promotional methods on the price elasticity of demand for UK holidays.

Question paper p.8 Mark scheme p.8 Examiner report p.11 Open in the tool Draw it: PED and PES diagram

AS Paper 2, June 2018, Q2(d)Discuss8 marks

Case study: Selected UK data for May-Nov 2016

Discuss how price elasticity of demand might affect train operators’ revenues following an increase in the price of rail tickets.

Question paper p.12 Mark scheme p.12 Examiner report p.16 Open in the tool Practise the PED and revenue diagram Practise the PED and PES diagram

Short answer questions on firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

A-level Paper 2, June 2025, Q1(a)Calculate4 marks

Case study: UK strikes in 2022–2023

Using this data and data in Extract D, calculate to 2 decimal places, the likely change in demand for frozen food in December 2022. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.2 Mark scheme p.4 Examiner report p.4 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2025, Q1(b)Explain4 marks

Case study: UK strikes in 2022–2023

With reference to Extract B, explain the impact of labour shortages on aggregate supply.

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.5 Examiner report p.6 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2024, Q1(b)Calculate4 marks

Case study: Trade Union Congress report on inflation

Using this data and Extract D, calculate, to 2 decimal places, the price elasticity of demand (PED) for 800 g white sliced bread between 2022 and 2023. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.6 Mark scheme p.5 Examiner report p.7 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2023, Q1(c)Calculate4 marks

Case study: UK restaurant sector in March 2022

Using this data, calculate, to 2 decimal places, the income elasticity of demand for takeaway meals from 2009 to 2021. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.6 Mark scheme p.6 Examiner report p.8 Open in the tool

AS Paper 2, November 2020, Q2(b)Calculate4 marks

Case study: The irresistible rise of alternative milks has dairy farmers worried

Calculate the price elasticity of demand (PED) for Oatly’s oat drinks. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.12 Mark scheme p.10 Open in the tool

AS Paper 2, June 2019, Q1(b)Calculate4 marks

Case study: UK premium chocolate market and inflation data

Estimates indicate that a 2.3% rise in incomes in the UK would result in an 8% increase in demand for premium chocolate. Calculate, to 2 decimal places, the income elasticity of demand (YED) for premium chocolate. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.4 Mark scheme p.4 Examiner report p.3 Open in the tool

A-level Paper 2, June 2018, Q1(a)Calculate4 marks

Case study: The value of tourism in England

Using this information, calculate, to 1 decimal place, the income elasticity of demand for outbound tourism from China. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.4 Mark scheme p.4 Examiner report p.4 Open in the tool

AS Paper 2, June 2017, Q2(a)Define2 marks

Case study: Total Number of Vehicles available for taxi journeys in London 2005–2015

What is meant by the term ‘predatory pricing’?

Question paper p.11 Mark scheme p.10 Examiner report p.14 Open in the tool

AS Paper 2, June 2016, Q2(b)Calculate4 marks

Case study: Lightbulb moment as first mass market graphene product goes live

The price elasticity of demand for the new graphene lightbulbs is estimated to be -0.8 and they will be priced at £10 each. Calculate the percentage change in quantity demanded following a £5 increase in price. You are advised to show your working.

Question paper p.9 Mark scheme p.10 Examiner report p.12 Open in the tool

Case study: Lightbulb moment as first mass market graphene product goes live

Explain one factor that may influence the price elasticity of demand for the graphene lightbulbs.

Question paper p.10 Mark scheme p.11 Examiner report p.13 Open in the tool

Question text is quoted from the question papers, © Pearson Edexcel, for students’ private study. Open the official papers and mark schemes from the links on each question. Examiner insights are written with AI assistance and moderated by Finn.

Data response questions on firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

Short answer questions on firms, consumers and elasticities of demand

More Edexcel B topics: The wider economic environment