Paper 4: A Level Data Response and Essays · 9708/42

Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4, November 2025

All 8 written questions from Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4 (November 2025), A Level Data Response and Essays. Case studies: Resources in Brazil. Each question shows its marks and topic, and opens the question paper and mark scheme at the right page.

Question paper Mark scheme

Section A

Case study

Resources in Brazil

In the extracts: Brazil, GDP, Oxfam Research Report, Cereal Secrets, Brazilian GDP, Guardian, Amazon

Q1(a)Explain3 marks

Explain the significance of measuring GDP at constant prices.

TopicEconomic growth and sustainability7.7 Growth and survival of firms

Question paper p.2 Mark scheme p.11 Open in the tool

Q1(b)Explain4 marks

Explain one possible benefit of horizontal integration and one possible benefit of vertical integration.

TopicGrowth and survival of firms

Question paper p.2 Mark scheme p.11 Open in the tool

Q1(c)Describe6 marks

Describe how the market structure in which individual farmers operate is likely to differ from the market structure in which the commodity traders operate.

TopicDifferent market structures

Question paper p.2 Mark scheme p.11 Open in the tool

Q1(d)Evaluate7 marks

Use the article to evaluate the impact of the development of the agricultural and mining industries on the standard of living in Brazil.

TopicEconomic development7.7 Growth and survival of firms

Question paper p.2 Mark scheme p.11 Open in the tool

Section B

Q2OptionalEvaluate20 marks

Traffic congestion is a cause of allocative inefficiency. Evaluate, with the help of diagram(s) two policies that a government may introduce to reduce the problem of allocative inefficiency caused by traffic congestion.

TopicGovernment policies to achieve efficient resource allocation and correct market failure

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.12 Open in the tool Draw it: negative externality diagram Or: indirect tax diagram

Q3OptionalAssess20 marks

The average wage of chief executives in large companies in a country is over 100 times greater than the average wage of their employees. Assess how economic theory can account for this variation in average wages.

TopicLabour market forces and government intervention

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.14 Open in the tool

Section C

Q4OptionalEvaluate20 marks

Evaluate the effect of a fall in the exchange rate on the achievement of the macroeconomic aims of a country.

TopicExchange rates10.1 Government macroeconomic policy objectives

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.15 Open in the tool

Q5OptionalEvaluate20 marks

Evaluate whether the presence of multinational companies (MNCs) in low-income countries is always beneficial.

TopicRelationship between countries at different levels of development11.4 Characteristics of countries at different levels of development

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.16 Open in the tool

Question text is quoted from the question papers, © Cambridge University Press & Assessment (UCLES), for students’ private study. Open the official papers and mark schemes from the links on each question. Examiner insights are written with AI assistance and moderated by Finn.

Section A

Resources in Brazil

Section B

Section C

Other years of Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4

Topics on this paper