Paper 4: A Level Data Response and Essays · 9708/42

Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4, March 2025

All 8 written questions from Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4 (March 2025), A Level Data Response and Essays. Case studies: China’s population trend. Each question shows its marks and topic, and opens the question paper and mark scheme at the right page.

Question paper Mark scheme Examiner report

Cambridge removed part of the case study text from the public paper for copyright reasons.

Section A

Case study

China’s population trend

In the extracts: China, US Census International, Didi Tang

Q1(a)Explain2 marks

Explain what is meant by an optimum population.

TopicCharacteristics of countries at different levels of development

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.9 Examiner report p.8 Open in the tool

Q1(b)Explain5 marks

Explain how China’s population structure changed between 1970 and 2020 and consider whether the statement ‘its population is decreasing’ is supported by Fig. 1.1.

TopicCharacteristics of countries at different levels of development

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.9 Examiner report p.8 Open in the tool

Q1(c)Identify6 marks

Identify two observations economists have made about changes in China’s population and analyse how these changes would affect GDP.

TopicCharacteristics of countries at different levels of development9.2 Economic growth and sustainability

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.9 Examiner report p.8 Open in the tool

Q1(d)Consider7 marks

China’s government has a different view from what it says are the alarming statements made by economists. Consider the effects on the economy of the population policies suggested by China’s government.

TopicCharacteristics of countries at different levels of development

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.10 Examiner report p.8 Open in the tool

Section B

Q2OptionalEvaluate20 marks

Oligopolies are able to avoid price competition while maintaining supernormal profits in the long run. Evaluate this statement.

TopicDifferent market structures

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.11 Examiner report p.9 Open in the tool Practise the kinked demand diagram

Q3OptionalEvaluate20 marks

With the help of a diagram, evaluate the consequences of imposing an effective minimum wage on the employment level and the wage level in a monopsony labour market.

TopicLabour market forces and government intervention

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.13 Examiner report p.9 Open in the tool

Section C

Q4OptionalAssess20 marks

With the help of a diagram, assess the effectiveness of government policies that might be used to reduce demand-pull inflation.

TopicEffectiveness of policy options to meet all macroeconomic objectives

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.15 Examiner report p.10 Open in the tool Draw it: AD/AS diagram

Q5OptionalEvaluate20 marks

With the help of a diagram, evaluate the effectiveness of the use of expenditure-switching policies to reduce a current account deficit on the balance of payments.

TopicPolicies to correct disequilibrium in the balance of payments

Question paper p.3 Mark scheme p.17 Examiner report p.10 Open in the tool Draw it: AD/AS diagram

Question text is quoted from the question papers, © Cambridge University Press & Assessment (UCLES), for students’ private study. Open the official papers and mark schemes from the links on each question. Examiner insights are written with AI assistance and moderated by Finn.

Section A

China’s population trend

Section B

Section C

Other years of Cambridge International (CAIE) A-level Paper 4

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